View all 40 cards in this deck

#	Question	Answer
1	Under what condition do seeds germinate?	Seeds germinate when favourable environmental conditions exist.
2	Growth is generally accompanied by which metabolic processes?	Both anabolic and catabolic processes.
3	Which meristems are responsible for primary growth in plants?	Root apical meristem and shoot apical meristem.
4	List some parameters used to measure growth in plants.	Fresh weight, dry weight, length, area, volume, and cell number.
5	What type of cell walls do meristematic cells possess?	Thin, primary, cellulosic cell walls.
6	Which meristems are responsible for secondary growth in plants?	Vascular cambium and cork cambium.
7	How many new cells can a single maize root apical meristem produce per hour?	More than 17,500 new cells per hour.
8	Which parameter denotes growth in a dorsiventral leaf?	Increase in surface area.
9	Which phase occurs just behind the meristematic zone?	Phase of elongation.
10	How can the rate of growth be expressed?	Mathematically.
11	Which example best explains arithmetic growth?	Root elongating at a constant rate.
12	What characterises the initial phase of geometrical growth?	Initial growth is slow and is called the lag phase.
13	Sigmoid growth curve is characteristic of what?	Living organisms growing in a natural environment.
14	What is another name for relative growth rate?	Efficiency index.
15	How does oxygen help in plant growth?	It releases metabolic energy essential for growth activities.
16	Which cells differentiate and mature to perform specific functions?	Cells derived from root apical meristems, shoot apical meristems, and cambium.
17	What is dedifferentiation?	The process by which living differentiated cells regain the capacity to divide.
18	Cells positioned away from root apical meristem differentiate into what?	Root-cap cells.
19	Name plants showing heterophylly.	Cotton, coriander, larkspur, and buttercup.
20	Which type of cell begins the developmental sequence in plants?	Meristematic cell.
21	What are intracellular intrinsic factors in plant development?	Genetic factors.
22	Which PGR is an adenine derivative?	Kinetin (N6-furfurylamino purine).
23	Into how many groups are PGRs broadly divided based on function?	Two groups.
24	The discovery of major groups of PGRs was mostly what kind of event?	Accidental.
25	Who reported symptoms of bakanae disease using sterile fungal filtrates?	E. Kurosawa (1926).
26	Who confirmed the release of a volatile ripening substance from oranges?	H.H. Cousins (1910).
27	Name two synthetic auxins.	NAA (naphthalene acetic acid) and 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid).
28	In which agricultural practices is decapitation widely used?	Tea plantations and hedge-making.
29	What is the use of 2,4-D in gardening?	Preparation of weed-free lawns.
30	Which gibberellin is most intensively studied?	Gibberellic acid (GA3).
31	Why can fruits remain longer on trees after gibberellin treatment?	Because gibberellins delay senescence and extend the market period.
32	What is bolting?	Internode elongation just prior to flowering.
33	Which natural cytokinin was isolated from corn kernels and coconut milk?	Zeatin.
34	What is ethylene?	A simple gaseous plant growth regulator (PGR).
35	What is respiratory climactic?	The rise in the rate of respiration during ripening of fruits.
36	What effect does ethylene have on roots?	It promotes root growth and root hair formation.
37	How does ethephon release ethylene in plants?	It is absorbed and transported within the plant and slowly releases ethylene.
38	What was ABA initially discovered for?	Regulating abscission and dormancy.
39	What role does ABA play in seeds?	It helps in seed development, maturation, and dormancy.
40	What happens when a rotten fruit is mixed with unripe fruits?	The unripe fruits ripen faster due to ethylene released from the rotten fruit.