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#	Question	Answer
1	Name the three types of tissue systems in plants.	Epidermal tissue system, ground (fundamental) tissue system, and vascular (conducting) tissue system.
2	What is the function of the cuticle?	The cuticle prevents the loss of water.
3	What shape are guard cells in grasses?	In grasses, guard cells are dumb-bell shaped.
4	What constitutes the ground tissue?	All tissues except epidermis and vascular bundles constitute the ground tissue.
5	What are open vascular bundles?	Vascular bundles with cambium present between xylem and phloem are called open vascular bundles.
6	Where are radial vascular bundles commonly found?	Radial vascular bundles are found in roots.
7	What protrudes from the epiblema in dicot roots?	Unicellular root hairs protrude from the epiblema.
8	What is the pericycle?	In dicot roots, it is a few layers of thick-walled parenchymatous cells next to the endodermis.
9	What is polyarch condition in monocot roots?	Presence of more than six xylem bundles in monocot roots is called polyarch condition.
10	What constitutes the cortex in a dicot stem?	Cells arranged in multiple layers between epidermis and pericycle constitute the cortex.
11	What is the innermost layer of cortex in a dicot stem called?	The innermost layer of cortex is called endodermis.
12	Describe the vascular bundles of dicot stems.	Each vascular bundle is conjoint, open, and has endarch protoxylem.
13	Describe the ground tissue in monocot stems.	The ground tissue is large, conspicuous, and parenchymatous.
14	Name the three main parts of a dorsiventral leaf.	Epidermis, mesophyll, and vascular system.
15	What are the two types of mesophyll cells?	Palisade parenchyma and spongy parenchyma.
16	On what does the size of vascular bundles in leaves depend?	The size of vascular bundles depends on the size of the veins.
17	How is mesophyll differentiated in isobilateral leaves?	Mesophyll is not differentiated into palisade and spongy parenchyma.
18	Into what categories are plant tissues broadly classified?	Plant tissues are broadly classified into meristematic and permanent tissues.
19	What are the components of the epidermal tissue system?	Epidermal cells, stomata, and epidermal appendages.
20	In which plants does secondary growth usually occur?	Secondary growth occurs in most dicotyledonous roots and stems.