Chapter 12: Respiration in Plants
50 sample Respiration in Plants flashcard questions and answers for NEET-UG Biology - Class 11, laid out as a readable study sheet. Read them straight on this page, print them, or save them as a PDF using your browser's print dialog.
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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why is breathing essential to life? | Breathing is connected to the release of energy from food required for life activities such as absorption, transport, movement, reproduction, and breathing itself. |
| What is the source of energy for all life processes? | Energy is obtained by oxidation of macromolecules called food. |
| Which organisms can prepare their own food? | Green plants and cyanobacteria can prepare their own food through photosynthesis. |
| What happens during photosynthesis? | Light energy is trapped and converted into chemical energy stored in carbohydrates like glucose, sucrose, and starch. |
| Why do non-green parts of plants require food? | Only cells containing chloroplasts perform photosynthesis, so non-green tissues require transported food for oxidation. |
| What type of nutrition do animals show? | Animals are heterotrophic and obtain food directly or indirectly from plants. |
| What are saprophytes dependent on? | Saprophytes like fungi depend on dead and decaying matter. |
| What is cellular respiration? | Cellular respiration is the mechanism of breakdown of food materials within the cell to release energy and trap it as ATP. |
| Where does photosynthesis occur in eukaryotes? | Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts. |
| Where does the breakdown of complex molecules occur in eukaryotes? | It occurs in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. |
| Define respiration. | Respiration is the breaking of C - C bonds of complex compounds through oxidation within cells, releasing energy. |
| What are respiratory substrates? | Compounds oxidised during respiration are called respiratory substrates. |
| Which respiratory substrate is usually oxidised to release energy? | Carbohydrates are usually oxidised to release energy. |
| Can proteins and fats act as respiratory substrates? | Yes, proteins, fats, and even organic acids can be used under certain conditions. |
| Why is energy not released in a single step during respiration? | Energy is released in slow, step-wise enzyme-controlled reactions and trapped as ATP. |
| Why is ATP called the energy currency of the cell? | ATP stores energy released during respiration and supplies it when needed. |
| What is the role of carbon skeletons produced during respiration? | They act as precursors for biosynthesis of other molecules. |
| Do plants require oxygen for respiration? | Yes, plants require oxygen and also release carbon dioxide. |
| Which structures help gaseous exchange in plants? | Stomata and lenticels help gaseous exchange. |
| Why do plants not need specialised respiratory organs? | Each plant part manages its own gas exchange and plants have low gas exchange demands. |
| Why is oxygen not a problem in photosynthesising cells? | Oxygen is released within the cell during photosynthesis. |
| How are living cells arranged in thick stems? | Living cells occur in thin layers inside and beneath the bark. |
| What are lenticels? | Lenticels are openings in stems that help gaseous exchange. |
| What is the role of dead interior cells in stems? | They mainly provide mechanical support. |
| How do parenchyma cells help gaseous exchange? | Loose packing of parenchyma cells creates interconnected air spaces. |
| What are the end products of complete combustion of glucose? | Carbon dioxide, water, and energy. |
| Why is glucose oxidised in several small steps in respiration? | To couple released energy with ATP synthesis instead of losing it as heat. |
| What are the products released during respiration? | Carbon dioxide, water, and energy are released. |
| What are facultative anaerobes? | Organisms that can survive with or without oxygen. |
| What are obligate anaerobes? | Organisms that require anaerobic conditions. |
| What is glycolysis? | Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid without the help of oxygen. |
| Who proposed the scheme of glycolysis? | Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and J. Parnas. |
| What is another name for glycolysis? | The EMP pathway. |
| Where does glycolysis occur? | Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm. |
| What is the end product of glycolysis? | Two molecules of pyruvic acid are formed. |
| Why is the diffusion distance for gases small even in large plants? | Each living cell in a plant is located quite close to the surface of the plant. |
| Where are living cells located in thick woody stems? | They are organised in thin layers inside and beneath the bark. |
| What are lenticels? | Lenticels are openings in stems that help gaseous exchange. |
| What is the role of cells in the interior of stems? | Interior cells are dead and provide mechanical support. |
| How do parenchyma cells help in gaseous exchange? | Loose packing of parenchyma cells provides an interconnected network of air spaces. |
| What are the end products of complete combustion of glucose? | Carbon dioxide, water, and energy. |
| Why is glucose oxidised in several small steps during respiration? | So that released energy can be coupled with ATP synthesis instead of being lost as heat. |
| What are the products released during respiration? | Carbon dioxide, water, and energy. |
| Why do some organisms perform respiration without oxygen? | Some organisms are adapted to anaerobic conditions where oxygen is unavailable. |
| What are facultative anaerobes? | Organisms that can survive with or without oxygen. |
| What are obligate anaerobes? | Organisms that require anaerobic conditions. |
| What is glycolysis? | Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid without the help of oxygen. |
| Who proposed the scheme of glycolysis? | Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and J. Parnas. |
| What is another name for glycolysis? | EMP pathway. |
| In which organisms is glycolysis the only process in respiration? | In anaerobic organisms. |
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