Chapter 9: Biomolecules
50 sample Biomolecules flashcard questions and answers for NEET-UG Biology - Class 11, laid out as a readable study sheet. Read them straight on this page, print them, or save them as a PDF using your browser's print dialog.
Showing 50 of 206 questions in this chapter — practice online or download the PDF above for the full deck.
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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is observed when elemental analysis is performed on living tissues? | Elements like carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and several others are found in living tissues. |
| What are the two fractions obtained after straining tissue slurry? | Acid-soluble pool (filtrate) and acid-insoluble fraction (retentate). |
| What is found in the acid-soluble pool? | Thousands of organic compounds. |
| What are biomolecules? | All carbon compounds obtained from living tissues are called biomolecules. |
| What is meant by wet weight? | The weight of a small amount of living tissue before drying. |
| What remains after a tissue is fully burnt? | Ash containing inorganic elements and compounds. |
| Name some inorganic elements present in ash. | Calcium and magnesium. |
| Which inorganic compounds are found in the acid-soluble fraction? | Sulphates and phosphates. |
| What does elemental analysis reveal? | The elemental composition of living tissues such as hydrogen, oxygen, chlorine and carbon. |
| What does compound analysis reveal? | The kind of organic and inorganic constituents present in living tissues. |
| What are amino acids? | Organic compounds containing an amino group and an acidic group attached to the same carbon (alpha-carbon). |
| Why are amino acids called alpha-amino acids? | Because both amino and acidic groups are attached to the same alpha-carbon. |
| Amino acids are substituted forms of which compound? | Methane. |
| What are the four substituent groups attached to the alpha-carbon of amino acids? | Hydrogen group, carboxyl group, amino group and variable R group. |
| Which amino acid has hydrogen as its R group? | Glycine. |
| Which amino acid has a methyl group as its R group? | Alanine. |
| Which amino acid contains a hydroxymethyl group as its R group? | Serine. |
| Which amino acid is an example of an acidic amino acid? | Glutamic acid. |
| Which amino acid is an example of a basic amino acid? | Lysine. |
| Which amino acid is an example of a neutral amino acid? | Valine. |
| Name the aromatic amino acids mentioned in the text. | Tyrosine, phenylalanine and tryptophan. |
| On what do the chemical and physical properties of amino acids depend? | The amino group, carboxyl group and R functional group. |
| How are amino acids classified based on the number of amino and carboxyl groups? | Acidic, basic and neutral amino acids. |
| Which amino acids are examples of aromatic amino acids? | Tyrosine, phenylalanine and tryptophan. |
| What is the zwitterionic form of an amino acid? | The ionic form formed in solutions of different pH due to ionization of amino and carboxyl groups. |
| Are lipids generally water soluble or insoluble? | Lipids are generally water insoluble. |
| What are simple lipids commonly made of? | Simple fatty acids or glycerol (trihydroxy propane). |
| What is the structure of a fatty acid? | A carboxyl group attached to an R group. |
| How many carbons are present in palmitic acid? | 16 carbons including the carboxyl carbon. |
| How many carbons are present in arachidonic acid? | 20 carbons including the carboxyl carbon. |
| What are saturated fatty acids? | Fatty acids without double bonds. |
| What are unsaturated fatty acids? | Fatty acids with one or more C=C double bonds. |
| What is glycerol chemically known as? | Trihydroxy propane. |
| How are fatty acids associated with glycerol in many lipids? | Fatty acids are esterified with glycerol. |
| What are monoglycerides, diglycerides and triglycerides? | Lipids formed when fatty acids are esterified with glycerol. |
| On what basis are fats and oils differentiated? | Melting point. |
| Why do oils remain liquid in winters? | Because they have lower melting points. |
| What are phospholipids? | Lipids containing phosphorus and a phosphorylated organic compound. |
| Where are phospholipids commonly found? | In the cell membrane. |
| Give one example of a phospholipid. | Lecithin. |
| Which tissues contain lipids with more complex structures? | Neural tissues. |
| Name all the nitrogen bases mentioned in the text. | Adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil and thymine. |
| What are nucleosides? | Nitrogen bases attached to a sugar. |
| What are nucleotides? | Nucleosides with a phosphate group esterified to the sugar. |
| Name all the nucleosides mentioned in the text. | Adenosine, guanosine, thymidine, uridine and cytidine. |
| Name all the nucleotides mentioned in the text. | Adenylic acid, thymidylic acid, guanylic acid, uridylic acid and cytidylic acid. |
| What are nucleic acids made of? | Nucleotides only. |
| Which nucleic acids function as genetic material? | DNA and RNA. |
| What are metabolites? | Biomolecules present in living organisms are called metabolites. |
| What are primary metabolites? | Biomolecules commonly found in animal tissues such as amino acids and sugars are called primary metabolites. |
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